Hellenistic Gold

When you travel on a small boat, things like arriving and leaving can sometimes become flexible.  A weather front came through and the Captain decided to stay in port cozied up to the dock rather than sail in bad weather.  The upshot was we got extra time in Athens by skipping one port and heading straight there.  The ship's entertainment staff worked overtime to produce some 'tours' in Athens at the last minute.  

One of the tours was to the Benaki Museum.  It has bunches of the traditional Greek treasures like black and orange pottery, but what I wanted to see was the Hellenistic Gold exhibition.  (I had already marked it out as something I wanted to see even before we arrived.)  The young flustered tour guide didn't care for my demand to see the exhibition, but I hardly allowed her displeasure at my request to bother me.  Drake and I and another woman peeled off and went in search of the gold.  We found the gatekeeper (aka the ticket seller to the special exhibition) and bought tickets for 7 euros each.  

We walked into a large space filled with glass topped museum cases displaying exquisite beaten gold in many forms.  I especially liked the leaves and flowers.

In addition to the Greek version of tiaras, there were pendants, necklaces, rings, earrings as well as some pieces of beaten gold fashioned into loose leaves.  Something I'd never seen fashioned out of gold were the snoods.  A snood is a net fashioned to be worn over a bun.  It's a hair ornament that comes and goes in popularity over the centuries.

While 'snoods' may have fallen out of fashion, I did see something in this collection which reinforced the idea that 'there's nothing new under the sun' especially in fashion.  Bell bottoms are back!  Mini skirts are probably next.  In this exhibition, here's something which made me smile.

Sequins!

There were also some very lovely small sculptures and other knickknacks which were easy to imagine gracing this Greek woman's house.  Here's her jewelry box.

 

While the pieces were extraordinary, I found the probable story of how all these precious objects came to be found to be the most interesting.  Every item in this exhibition was found stuffed into a large buried amphora.  Archeologists supposed this could indicate everything was owned by one person who buried the amphora to save the contents from being taken.  Think Confederate women burying their silver to save it from the Yankees.  In my opinion, this makes the discovery more personal and relatable.  Imagine the woman who owned all of this, and what could have caused a burial to hide it all.

If you'd like to see the additional pieces hidden in the amphora, click on the pix.

Hellenistic Jewelry

The Corinth Canal

 One hallmark of the 19th century (1800's) is the development of complicated construction projects.  The leading example was the railroad, arguably as big an element of change to the 19th century as the computer was to the 20th century.  Railroads aside, there were other construction projects which heralded consequential economic change.  One of these is THE CANAL.  Erie Canal 1825 put New York State and New York City on the map.  The French constructed the Suez Canal, the first modern canal.  It had immediate economic success.  It connected the Mediterranean with the Red Sea.  You could now sail/steam from the North Atlantic Ocean through the Mediterranean Sea, thru the Suez Canal into the Red Sea, and into the Indian Ocean, an entry point into the Far East.   

In the late 19th century, the French, flush with the success of the Suez Canal, start construction on a 51 mile canal to cross the Isthmus of Panama.  After 9 years and 20,000 lives lost mostly to Yellow Fever, the French abandon the project.  In 1904 under Teddy Roosevelt, the Americans take up the construction of the Panama Canal cutting through the Isthmus of Panama connecting the Caribbean Sea (North Atlantic) with the Pacific Ocean.  There were still difficult construction problems as well  the persistent Yellow Fever problem, but Americans completed the Panama Canal in 1914.

In 1882 the Greeks decide they can internally improve trade by cutting a 3.9 mile canal across the Isthmus of Corinth.  Nero started this project, but the canal idea was dropped with Nero's demise.  The canal would allow ships to cut across the Peloponnesian Peninsula (see inset picture) instead of sailing around it.

This was  literally digging (blasting) a trench through limestone cliffs, but there were no locks since the length of the canal was at sea level.  It is only 26 feet deep and is quite narrow (82 feet wide at the water level/69 feet at bottom of canal).  Today, this is more of a tourist attraction.  Modern ships can't use it since it's too narrow and not deep enough.

It was a good tourist attraction.  Led by a pilot boat, so we could stay in the deepest part of the canal, we sailed down the canal towards Athens with the towering limestone cliffs on both sides of our ship.  They were so close, it felt like you could reach out and touch them.  We also saw birds nesting in pockets and holes in the limestone.  I kept focusing my camera to try and catch some to identify.  I was surprised to see 'rock doves'.  You will know them by their new urban name:  Pigeons.  Cliffs were their preferred nesting sites until they discovered skyscrapers in the urban environment of humans.  

The Corinth Canal, opened in 1893 (11 years of construction) was never the expected economic boon.  Railroads, automobiles (trucks) and construction of larger and larger commercial trading ships quickly made it almost obsolete for trade vessels. 

It was really fun to sail through.  Initially, we started viewing at the front of the boat, but even competing with only 180 people, it was crowded.  We moved to the back of the boat with fewer people, and really enjoyed this experience.  You can still see some of the blasting marks on the limestone, as well as this mysterious group of letters.

There are two submergible bridges at each end of the canal, as well as railroad bridges and an automobile bridge over the canal today.  As always, the pictures tell the story.

Corinth Canal Pictures   

   

A UNESCO Site: Hosios Loukas Monastery

One of the greatest things about this trip was several of the excursions were to UNESCO World Heritage Sites.  The Hosios Loukas Monastery built in the 10th century was one of those sites.  The monastery was located on top of a mountain - well, actually, a big hill.  The scenery outside the bus ride was lovely.  It was early spring and the trees had just leafed out.  We also passed a cloister on our way up to the monastery.  

When we arrived at the site, we walked up a set of terraced stairs.  On each side were fields of wild flowers.

These are poppies, and there were also daisies and lots of other delicate early spring wildflowers.

From the first view of this church/monastery, it was obviously a very special place.  This is a working monastery, so there are some parts which are off-limits.  This church is famous for it's frescoes and mosaics which show the Byzantine influence when this church was built.

This is one of the paintings on the ceiling surrounded by mosaics

The frescoes are in rough shape in comparison to the ceilings.  

They also had a 'tomb' to show what one from 1000 years ago actually looked like when it was originally dug.

No one mentioned who was removed from this tomb.  

Everywhere I looked, I just kept thinking about the people who were the original builders right down to the stones picked and laid down as walkways prior to 'concrete'.  

I think the pictures really tell the story here.  This was a great outing.  Instead of being annoying, the bus ride to the site was interesting, and short.  This site was steeped in a 1000 years of history without shoving lots of details in your face.  It felt holy and spiritual.  There were lots of places to just sit and enjoy the beautiful day and contemplate the atmosphere of this marvelous place.

Here are the pictures:

https://photos.app.goo.gl/MrsmDbcVxstquf787

 

Olympus, Mountain of the Greek Gods

 Even though I was almost well from my tourista (e-coli infection) bout, I was still pretty weak from not eating for 36 hours.  I stayed behind and let Drake do the excursion to Olympus.  As it turned out, I probably could have gone because, although it was advertised as 'no seating' during the archeological excavation portion of the trip, there were actually benches scattered throughout where I could have sat and recovered my energy.

The Greeks were very serious about their Gods just like every civilization.  They decorated the mountain with statuary, temples and other tangible tributes to the gods - especially to Zeus.  Drake described this place as utterly fascinating to see the 'dig' uncovering treasures from both the Hellenistic society and the Roman society.  

Olympus Archeological Site

The prize of this World Heritage Site is the unbroken line of columns still in place.  There is so much material to save, it's been fairly easy to see what this sanctuary to the gods looked like in its heyday.  

Artistic rendering of what an important portion of this site looked like

Drake took great pictures of the archeological site.  This is one of my favorites:

As you can see, we caught Greece in the early Spring

In addition to the outdoor site, there's a museum showcasing the items which have been excavated over the years.  

In addition to pottery, there are quite a few bronze items.

It's difficult to write about something not personally seen, but we can all enjoy Drake's pictures.

Mount Olympus

San Sperate, Sardinia

 Sometimes when you travel you run across something which just blows your sox off.  Some things which spring to my mind are:  Volcano Park, Hilo, Hawaii; Icebergs floating by, Twillingate, Newfoundland; Miniature famous buildings, Nova Scotia; Colosseum, Rome, Italy.  There are bunches of others, some of which are small such as the old Aquarena Springs in Texas, to the buried Cadillacs in West Texas, to the Cabinetry Museum in New Braunfels.  It's totally delightful when one pops up unexpectedly.

For some reason, I got up at dawn the day of this excursion, and that early rising resulted in what I think is one of my best photos of the trip.  Here is sunrise coming into the port on the island of Sardinia

We took the excursion to San Sperate, Sardinia to see the frescos painted on the village walls.  The village, which has become the home of various artists because of this fresco project, wanted life depicted in the village from 1890 to 2022.  The spearhead artist developed a new artistry using the native rocks.

Fresco on the wall of the village of Sciola and his daughter

His full name is Punuccio Sciola, and he discovered when you cut open different types of rocks, you can make them sing.  I managed to record his daughter who now runs the "Open Air Museum" making a rock sing.  Here's a picture of some of the museum contents

Different varieties of rocks have different tones.  The way they are cut will open up different tones.  To find the tone, you take a hand held rock and drag it across the rock face with the cuts.  Some rocks are cut completely through leaving bands of rock.

These two pictures are of the same rock - you can see daylight through it.  I don't know if the algae affects the tonal quality of the rock.

As we left the museum - no gift shop which I thought was the height of stupidity -, we gathered at a local cafe for a luncheon snack.  Coincidentally (sure), there was a fresco artist who claimed to have painted most of the 'important frescos' in the village.  His wife was also there rolling her eyes, and snorting at him.  

Fresco Artist

I thought he was pretty interesting to talk to.  His age made him a contemporary of Sciola, and the fresco outside the cafe was one he painted.

His wife, Marcella 

 

  

Fresco painted by the artist we met in the cafe

The most prominent fresco upon entering the village is the one which tells the village history.  Here it is:

Village Life

The upper part of the fresco shows current village life.  The bottom of the fresco, particularly the bottom right shows the village is built upon its antiquities emphasizing its longevity in this very spot.  

I loved San Sperate, but San Sperate did not love me.  I managed to get tourista (ecoli infection in your gut) which took me out of commission for two days.  I was so mad after I finally started feeling better.  Got acquainted with the ship's doctor.  He saw me twice, and I finally got everything back under control after 36 hours and some medication.  I kicked myself because I thought about getting anti-diarrhea meds from my doctor before I left, but  I let it slip through the cracks.  Never again!  

I did get some great pictures of this town, the frescos and the singing stones.  Here are the pix

San Sperate, Sardinia

Finally, people think there are great sunsets at sea.  That happens rarely.  Usually, the sun just drops below the horizon and it's like turning out a light.  However, upon leaving Saradinia, there was the rare sunset picture.  Here it is:

Mallorca Island

 

Coming into Mallorca, Balearic Islands 

I got off on the wrong foot with Mallorca from the get go.  We were over an hour late into port.  I couldn't see the ONE place I wanted to see - the magnificent gothic cathedral which was constructed between 1230 and 1601. It dominates everything else.  I was furious to discover the Catholics closed this landmark at 3:15 in the afternoon.  The Ponant boat arrived at 2:30.  (Later, I found out that one of the uber wealthy couples onboard got a 'private' tour of the cathedral.  I was green with jealousy.)

Mallorca is another one of those places which has been inhabited since pre-historic times.  There are even cave paintings similar to the ones found in France.  The Romans arrived in 123 BCE.  In the 5th century, the Vandals kicked out the Romans.  In the 6th century it became part of the Byzantine Empire.  In the 8th century it fell to the Arabs (Moors).  The Moors were driven out in 1229 by James I of Aragon.  At his death, The Balearic Islands briefly became  independent, but were quickly gobbled up by Spain.  In 1983 the Balearic Islands became an autonomous province of Spain.

Today you can see all the various architectures as you drive around town including some of the narrowest streets dating back to the Medieval era. 

Narrow Medieval Street in Mallorca, Spain 

Since we were only in Mallorca for the afternoon, standing around pissed off wasn't getting us anywhere.  We strolled over to a horse drawn carriage and decided to let someone else do the walking (the horse).  It turned out to be a genius decision.  We saw lots of the 'old town' and enjoyed the relaxing overview such as the  narrow street above.  The horse even managed to go down one this street!

Turning into this street in the horse drawn carriage

Our overall impression of Palma (the port city) is that it's where very wealthy people dock their expensive yachts and live in their expensive houses or apartments for a few weeks a year.  The town was also filled with multiple streets of high end shopping, and trendy restaurants.  We got the feeling the 'caretaker' business was probably a thriving industry.

The vegetation of this island was semi tropical since the climate is described as 'benign'.  There were beautiful trees, flowers and shrubs everywhere.  Plus, there was a central canal with park land on each side which ran for blocks and blocks in the center of town.  The center of town was liberally sprinkled with pieces of sculpture.  

Crossing one of the many bridges over the 'canal'.

This struck me as a tourist destination for people who own boats.  There wasn't just one marina, there were several.  There were more gigantic yachts parked here than I've ever seen in one clump.  Not surprising since the harbor is 10 miles long.  The only real industry here is agriculture.  Once you leave Palma, life is pretty rural.  Tourism is the other major industry and tourism has spawned a thriving artistic community.  The cathedral hovers over everything.

Mallorca has fewer pictures than I usually take, but here they are.  Click on the blue writing to see the pictures.

Mallorca, Spain

  

Cartagena, Spain (500 Namesakes Around the World)

Cartagena was prized for its harbor.  It is one of the best in the Mediterranean Sea, and has been utilized as a military installation and a trade port through the Phoenicians, the Carthaginians, the Romans, the Moors, and the Spaniards.  In the past 25 years, the port has been revitalized and is attracting the tourist trade these days including cruise ships much bigger than the Ponant boat we arrived on.  

There's plenty to see and do.  There's an amazing Roman Amphitheater which has been excavated as an archeological site which can not only be visited and seen, but climbed all over.  It was interesting to see how the seats show what class of Romans sat where.  I read someplace the other day that the 'pecking order' we all deal with in human herds started over 10,000 years ago.  Social order and social climbing is way older than we'd like to believe.  

The gray tower is the elevator getting us to the top of the hill

At the top of the hill was a beautiful park.  It was on one of the hills that surround the harbor.  We were able to look down on the amphitheater as well as peek in on the gladiator area uncovered underneath the city's bull ring.  It's still being excavated.  

Stage to the right, seats to the left

This was a performance theater in Roman times.  In the picture above, it's easy to see how it functioned.  There was also a 'cover' over the stage held up by Ionic columns of marble.  The cover is long gone, but some of the columns remain.  There are plenty of pictures in the link below.

We hiked around the park for awhile, heading to the top which gave a 360 degree view of the city below including the Roman amphitheater we just toured.

Cartagena is also the home of the Spanish Navy.  There's a Memorial to the bravery of the Spanish who died in the Spanish/American war in the late 1890s.  Spain lost all its remaining territories in the 'new world' as well as the Pilipino Islands in that war.  Today, there's still debate as to how it actually started.  "Remember the Maine" was the initial rallying cry for war in the United States although the sinking of the battleship Maine has never been conclusively proven to originate with the Spanish.      

There are bronze statues honoring the soldier and sailors who fought in the war
around the sides of the monument

Cartagena is built around a series of plazas like you find in the Americas wherever the Spanish first conquered.  It's an attractive city which has fairly successfully redirected its graffiti artists to be adjunct decorations fresco style to the great Roman ruins of the city.  This one is across from the Roman Amphitheater.

 

When you're in a port for a day, you barely smell the icing.  At least I got a T-shirt!

The best part are the pictures.  Hopefully, you'll enjoy a set pix w/o formal paintings.

Cartagena, Spain